YILIMART - Human GM-CSF (10 μg)

Recombinant human GM-CSF induces the differentiation of granulocytes, monocytes, and macrophages. The hematopoietic cytokine is a crucial part of the immune/inflammatory path and serves as both a survival and activation signal for mature myeloid cells. The recombinant granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) has been developed for use in cell culture, differentiation studies, and functional assays.

Applications

Human GM-CSF can be used for a variety of applications including:

Cultivation of hematopoietic progenitor cells from human bone marrow in semi-solid medium.
In vitro generation of Mo-DCs together with Human IL-4.
In vitro differentiation of CD34⁺ cells towards eosinophils.
Migration assays for eosinophils.

Alternative names

CSF2

Background information

GM-CSF is a hematopoietic growth factor, which is essential for proliferation and development of granulocyte and monocyte/macrophage progenitors. It also functions as a growth factor for erythroid and megakaryocytic precursor cells in conjunction with erythropoietin. GM-CSF is secreted by various cell types including T cells, macrophages, endothelial cells, and fibroblasts in response to inflammatory stimuli and cytokines. In addition, GM-CSF is a potent chemoattractant for neutrophils and eosinophils and enhances the effector functions of neutrophils and macrophages.

Quality description

Research-grade

cytokines are suitable for a wide variety of cell culture applications. They are sterile-filtered prior to lyophilization. Generally, endotoxin levels are <0.1 ng/μg (<1 EU/μg), and purities are >95%. The biological activity is tested in appropriate bioassays.

Premium-grade

cytokines offer the convenience of high and well-defined biological activities and allow exact unit dosing for demanding applications. The biological activity is determined after lyophilization and reconstitution, and normalized to WHO/NIBSC standards whenever available. In general, endotoxin levels are <0.01 ng/μg (<0.1 EU/μg), and purities are >97%. Lot-specific certificates of analysis are available on request (macstec@miltenyibiotec.de).

Biological activity

Proliferation of TF-1 cells (NIBSC 88/646)
premium grade: ≥ 5×

10
⁶
IU/mg

(typical activity: ≥ 1.2×

10
⁷
IU/mg

)
research grade: ≥ 2×

10
⁶
IU/mg

Figure 1
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Figure 1

Mass spectrometry analysis (ESI-MS) of Human GM-CSF, premium grade. The peak corresponds to the calculated molecular mass of 14474 Da.

Mass spectrometry analysis (ESI-MS) of Human GM-CSF, premium grade. The peak corresponds to the calculated molecular mass of 14474 Da.
Figure 2
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Figure 2

SDS-PAGE of Human GM-CSF, premium grade
under reduced (R) and non-reduced (NR) conditions.

SDS-PAGE of Human GM-CSF, premium grade
under reduced (R) and non-reduced (NR) conditions.
Figure 3
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Figure 3

Human GM-CSF biological activity.
Activity of Human GM-CSF, premium grade (red bar) was compared to another commercially available product (black bar).

Human GM-CSF biological activity.
Activity of Human GM-CSF, premium grade (red bar) was compared to another commercially available product (black bar).
Figure 4
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Figure 4

Human GM-CSF activity assay.
The biological activity of Human GM-CSF, premium grade was determined by proliferation assay using TF-1 cells. Activity of Human GM-CSF, premium grade, (red line) was compared to another commercially available product (black line).

Human GM-CSF activity assay.
The biological activity of Human GM-CSF, premium grade was determined by proliferation assay using TF-1 cells. Activity of Human GM-CSF, premium grade, (red line) was compared to another commercially available product (black line).

Selected references
1. Kaebisch R. et al. (2014) Helicobacter pylori cytotoxin-associated gene A impairs human dendritic cell maturation and function through IL-10-mediated activation of STAT3. J. Immunol. 192: 316-323
2. Ulfman, L. H. et al. (2008)
  
  Homeostatic intracellular-free Ca
  ²⁺
  is permissive for Pap1-mediated constitutive activation of α
  ₄
  integrins on eosinophils.
  
  J. Immunol. 180: 5512-5519
3. Laurenti, E. et al. (2015) CDK6 levels regulate quiescence exit in human hematopoietic stem cells. Cell Stem Cell 16(3): 302-313
4. Guery L. et al. (2014) Fine-tuning nucleophosmin in macrophage differentiation and activation. Blood 118: 4694-4704
5. Koning F. A. et al. (2009) Defining APOBEC3 expression patterns in human tissues and hematopoietic cell subsets. J. Virol. 83: 9474-9485
6. Kitamura, T. et al. (1989) Establishment and characterization of a unique human cell line that proliferates dependently on GM-CSF, IL-3, or erythropoietin. J. Cell. Physiol. 140: 323-334
7. Dighe N. et al. (2014) Long-term reproducible expression in human fetal liver hematopoietic stem cells with a UCOE-based lentiviral vector. PLoS One 9(8): e104805
8. Chase A. J. et al. (2011)
  
  Impairment of CD4
  ⁺
  T cell polarization by dengue virus-infected dendritic cells.
  
  J. Infect. Dis. 203: 1763-1774
9. Brault, J. et al. (2014)
  
  Optimized generation of functional neutrophils and macrophages from patient-specific induced pluripotent stem cells:
  ex vivo
  models of X
  ⁰
  -linked, AR22
  ⁰
  - and AR47
  ⁰
  - chronic granulomatous diseases.
  
  Biores Open Access 3(6): 311-326
10. Bacher, P. et al. (2014) Antigen-specific expansion of human regulatory T cells as a major tolerance mechanism against mucosal fungi. Mucosal Immunol 7(4): 916-928
Customer reports and application notes

From monocyte isolation to DC characterization - Generation of Mo-DCs
Certificates

Please follow this
link
to search for Certificates of Analysis (CoA) by lot number.

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Human GM-CSF (10 μg)

For research use only

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Applications

Alternative names

Background information

Quality description

Biological activity

Figure 1

Figure 1

Figure 2

Figure 2

Figure 3

Figure 3

Figure 4

Figure 4

Selected references

Customer reports and application notes

Certificates

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